Do All Portable Cases Constructed by Caddisfly Larvae Function in Defense?

Do All Portable Cases Constructed by Caddisfly Larvae Function in Defense?

The portable cases constructed by caddisfly larvae have been assumed to act as a mechanical defense against predatory attacks. However, previous studies have compared the survival of caddisflies with different cases, thereby precluding an analysis of the survival benefits of "weaker" case materials. The level of protection offered by caddisfly cases constructed with rock, stick, or leaf materia...

Microbial-caddisfly bioherm association from the Lower Cretaceous Shinekhudag Formation, Mongolia: Earliest record of plant armoring in fossil caddisfly cases

Caddisfly larvae construct underwater protective cases using surrounding materials, thus providing information on environmental conditions in both modern and ancient systems. Microbial bioherms associated with caddisfly cases are found in the Berriassian-Hauterivian (~140-130 Ma) Shinekhudag Formation of Mongolia, and yield new insights into aspects of lacustrine paleoecosystems and paleoenviro...

Dark Chocolate and Metabolic Syndrome; Do Polyphenols All that Matter?

Detection of Paenibacillus larvae larvae spores in honey and diseased larvae Samples by culture and PCR

American foulbrood (AFB) is the most serious brood disease of the honey bee. Traditional methods are reliable but rather slow simply because they are based on biochemical, morphological and physiological identification of cultivated isolates. The aim of this study is the detection of Paenibacillus larvae larvae spores in honey and diseased larvae samples by culture and PCR. Therefore 54 samp...

‏‎interpersonal function of language in subtitling

‏‎translation as a comunicative process is always said to be associated with various aspects of meaning loss or gain. subtitling as a mode of translating, due to special discoursal and textual conditions imposed upon it, is believed to be an obvious case of this loss or gain. presenting the spoken sound track of a film in writing and synchronizing the perception of this text by the viewers with...